:root {
  --background: #ffffff;
  --surface: #f7f8fa;
  --text: #20242a;
  --muted: #5f6874;
  --border: #dfe3e8;
  --accent: #285f91;
  --accent-dark: #19466f;
  --serif: "Source Serif 4", Georgia, serif;
  --sans: "Source Sans 3", system-ui, sans-serif;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--background);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

::selection {
  background: #dceaf6;
}

a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-dark);
}

img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 20;
  left: 1rem;
  top: -4rem;
  padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
  background: var(--text);
  color: white;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  top: 0;
}

.section-wrap,
.nav-wrap {
  width: min(1040px, calc(100% - 3rem));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  z-index: 10;
  top: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.97);
}

.nav-wrap {
  min-height: 68px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.wordmark {
  margin-right: auto;
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: none;
}

nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 2rem);
}

nav a {
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 0.91rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
}

nav a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

nav a[aria-current="page"] {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 2px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.35em;
}

.site-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 235px minmax(0, 1fr);
  align-items: start;
  gap: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5rem);
}

.main-content {
  min-width: 0;
}

.hero {
  padding-top: clamp(4.5rem, 9vw, 7.5rem);
  padding-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.profile-panel {
  position: sticky;
  top: 96px;
  min-width: 0;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 120px);
  margin-top: clamp(4.5rem, 9vw, 7.5rem);
  overflow-y: auto;
  scrollbar-width: thin;
}

.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 0.8rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

h1,
h2,
h3 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  color: var(--text);
}

h1 {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 5.8vw, 4.5rem);
  line-height: 1.05;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
}

.amharic {
  margin: 0.9rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}

.research-summary {
  margin: 2rem 0 0;
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.5vw, 1.75rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.intro {
  max-width: 700px;
  margin: 1rem 0 1.7rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.hero .intro {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.social-links,
.pub-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.55rem 1.2rem;
}

.social-links a,
.pub-links a,
.text-link {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.portrait-wrap {
  width: 100%;
}

.portrait-wrap img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  border-radius: 4px;
  object-fit: cover;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(25, 35, 45, 0.1);
}

.profile-details {
  padding-top: 1.35rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.profile-details p {
  margin: 0.15rem 0;
}

.profile-details .profile-role {
  margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.contact-list {
  margin: 1rem 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.contact-list li {
  margin: 0.22rem 0;
}

.profile-details .social-links {
  gap: 0.35rem 0.9rem;
  padding-top: 0.9rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.profile-details .social-links a {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
}

.research-section {
  padding-top: 0.75rem;
  padding-bottom: clamp(4.5rem, 8vw, 7rem);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  scroll-margin-top: 68px;
}

.research-heading {
  max-width: 780px;
  margin-bottom: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 3.5rem);
}

.research-heading h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 3.5vw, 2.65rem);
  line-height: 1.22;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.research-heading > p:last-child {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin: 1.2rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.research-pathway {
  position: relative;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 2rem);
}

.research-pathway::before {
  position: absolute;
  top: 16px;
  right: 16px;
  left: 16px;
  height: 1px;
  background: #afbfcd;
  content: "";
}

.pathway-stage {
  position: relative;
  min-width: 0;
}

.stage-marker {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 33px;
  height: 33px;
  border: 1px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  background: var(--background);
}

.stage-marker span {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.stage-verb {
  margin: 1.25rem 0 0.35rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.pathway-stage h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.65rem;
  font-size: 1.12rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.pathway-stage > p:not(.stage-verb) {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.stage-papers {
  margin-top: 1.25rem;
  padding-top: 0.9rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.stage-papers p {
  margin: 0 0 0.45rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.stage-papers a {
  display: block;
  margin: 0.32rem 0;
  font-size: 0.81rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.stage-papers a::after {
  content: " ↘";
  font-size: 0.7em;
}

.work-section,
.news-section {
  padding-block: clamp(4.5rem, 8vw, 7rem);
  scroll-margin-top: 68px;
}

.news-section {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.section-heading {
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.section-heading h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 4vw, 3.2rem);
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.publication-list {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.publication {
  padding-block: 1.75rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 160px 1fr;
  gap: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 2.5rem);
  scroll-margin-top: 88px;
}

.publication:target {
  background: #f1f6fa;
  box-shadow: -0.75rem 0 0 #f1f6fa, 0.75rem 0 0 #f1f6fa;
}

.publication > img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 3px;
  background: var(--surface);
  object-fit: cover;
}

.pub-meta {
  margin: 0 0 0.35rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.award {
  margin-left: 0.4rem;
  padding: 0.15rem 0.4rem;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: #edf3f8;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.publication h3 {
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
  font-size: clamp(1.12rem, 1.8vw, 1.32rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.32;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.authors {
  max-width: 830px;
  margin: 0 0 0.7rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.authors strong {
  color: var(--text);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.news-section {
  max-width: 850px;
}

.timeline {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  list-style: none;
}

.timeline li {
  padding-block: 1.15rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 105px 1fr;
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.timeline time {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.timeline p {
  margin: 0;
}

footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.footer-inner {
  padding-block: 1.7rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
}

.footer-inner p {
  margin: 0;
}

.blog-main {
  min-height: calc(100vh - 137px);
}

.blog-intro {
  padding-block: clamp(5rem, 10vw, 8rem);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.blog-intro h1 {
  font-size: clamp(3rem, 6vw, 4.75rem);
}

.blog-intro > p:last-child {
  max-width: 650px;
  margin: 1.4rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
}

.posts-section {
  padding-block: clamp(4rem, 8vw, 6.5rem);
}

.empty-posts {
  max-width: 700px;
  padding: 2rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.empty-posts h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
}

.empty-posts p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .site-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0;
  }

  .hero {
    padding-top: 3.5rem;
  }

  .profile-panel {
    position: static;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 180px 1fr;
    align-items: start;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    max-height: none;
    margin-top: 3.5rem;
    overflow: visible;
  }

  .profile-details {
    padding-top: 0;
  }

  .section-heading {
    align-items: start;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .publication {
    grid-template-columns: 130px 1fr;
  }

  .research-pathway {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2.5rem;
    padding-left: 3rem;
  }

  .research-pathway::before {
    top: 16px;
    bottom: 16px;
    left: 16px;
    width: 1px;
    height: auto;
  }

  .stage-marker {
    position: absolute;
    left: -3rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  body {
    font-size: 16px;
  }

  .section-wrap,
  .nav-wrap {
    width: min(100% - 2rem, 1040px);
  }

  .nav-wrap {
    min-height: 62px;
    gap: 1rem;
  }

  .wordmark {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }

  .profile-panel {
    grid-template-columns: 130px 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
  }

  .profile-details {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
  }

  nav {
    gap: 0.8rem;
  }

  nav a:nth-child(1),
  nav a:nth-child(3),
  nav a:nth-child(6) {
    display: none;
  }

  .publication {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .publication > img {
    max-width: 210px;
  }

  .timeline li {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.2rem;
  }

  .footer-inner {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }
}